My research focuses on the Renaissance poet Sir Philip Sidney (1554-86), whose major works – such as the prose romance The Countess of Pembroke’s Arcadia, the sonnet sequence Astrophil and Stella and the poetic treatise The Defence of Poesy - shaped the world of Elizabethan literature. Sidney repeatedly draws comparisons between painting and poetry, connecting the visual culture of the early modern period with his writing. In The Defence of Poesy, Sidney defines poetry as ‘metaphorically, a speaking picture’. My thesis will investigate the question of why Sidney repeatedly emphasises these links between poetry and painting by drawing on current critical work from literary studies, art history and comparative literature. I will also draw from a range of both classical and early modern writers who connect visual culture to poetry. Furthermore, through this project I hope to create a new dialogue between the discipline of art history and the literature of the early modern period.