The new potential therapy is called a dual aromatase-steroid sulfatase inhibitor (DASI). Some of these new compounds were found to effectively block both enzymes, which may help reduce oestrogen levels in cancer cells more comprehensively.
Dr Paul Foster from the University of Birmingham and a co-author of the study said:
“This is an exciting new development that could pave the way for treating the most common breast cancer when other therapies stop working.
“We have shown for the first time that the particular molecules, called benzofuran-based molecules act to inhibit the two enzymes, and in doing so find an alternative way to suppress oestrogen production and reduce tumour growth.”
Chemical modifications
Previous research involving earlier versions of the compounds only inhibited one enzyme or the other. Achieving dual activity by adding a simple methyl group was an unexpected but crucial insight, showing that small chemical modifications can significantly enhance biological activity.
If developed further, these compounds could offer new treatment options for patients with ER+ breast cancer that has become resistant to standard hormone therapies.
Research collaborators Dr Claire Simons, University of Cardiff, and Dr Paul Foster, University of Birmingham, hope the findings will lead to the development of a new class of breast cancer treatments.
Further preclinical and clinical studies could explore their use in overcoming resistance to current endocrine therapies. Researchers at both universities are already in the process of developing even more potent dual inhibitors to circumnavigate treatment resistance in ER+ breast cancer.
