Joe Biden is out; Kamala Harris is probably in – so what happens next?

President Biden is no longer running for re-election and has endorsed Vice President Harris. Dr Adam Quinn explains what may happen next for the Dems' campaign.

Kamala Harris side profile, Official White House photo by Lawrence Jackson

Joe Biden’s stepping aside on Sunday was the conclusion of a process that began with his catastrophic debate performance on June 27th. That, and subsequent public appearances, made it clear he was simply not in good enough physical condition to run a proper campaign or to credibly claim he would serve a second term. Nothing he could say or do could fix the underlying problem of his irreversible decline, which made the outcome appear more inevitable with each passing day.

Over the previous week, there had been an intensifying campaign of pressure from senior Democratic figures, coordinated most forcefully by former House Speaker Nancy Pelosi, to compel Biden to confront the reality that he was almost certain to lose in November. Better to stand aside now, their case to him went, and be lauded for statesmanship, than to dig in and be held responsible for leading the party to heavy defeat and allowing Donald Trump an easy walk back into the White House. Biden resisted for some time, but reporting suggests that if he had persisted with his candidacy past this weekend the campaign to remove him would have become more overt and aggressive. Ultimately, after exhausting his options and his stamina for the fight, he took the more dignified path.

Now, with a fresh face and a more energetic delivery of the party’s message, Democrats have more scope for realistic optimism about turning things around.

Dr Adam Quinn, University of Birmingham

This in many ways ‘resets’ the election and opens it up again as a competitive race. Whereas before Biden was an extremely old and visibly declining candidate about whose record the electorate had very mixed feelings, now it is Trump – not that much younger – against whom the age card can be played. While Biden was going through these recent weeks of terrible news coverage, the Trump campaign has extended its polling lead. But it is certainly not insurmountable, and in some ways, the story here is how close it remained despite near-universal loss of confidence in the president. This reflects Trump’s well-known unpopularity with the general public and weakness as a candidate.

The main problem for Democrats was that no one believed Biden capable of running the kind of campaign that might turn things around. With universal name recognition, low popularity, and little ability to campaign, he appeared finished, politically. Now, with a fresh face and a more energetic delivery of the party’s message, Democrats have more scope for realistic optimism about turning things around.

In withdrawing, Biden endorsed his vice-president Kamala Harris to take his place on the ballot in November, and she immediately inherited his substantial campaign infrastructure and funds. There are those in the party who favour a more open process for selecting a new nominee, and it is possible that the Democratic National Convention next month will see some form of competition. Harris has a big starting advantage, however, meaning that many of the bigger names who might have joined a true free-for-all are likely to think better of it and fall in line. She has already begun accumulating key endorsements from influential state governors and other key players.

The Trump campaign will likely greet the candidate switch with a mixture of bravado, complaints, and anxiety (...) Now they need to retool to fight quite a different fight, one that may expose vulnerabilities of their own...

Dr Adam Quinn, University of Birmingham

The advantage of a more open contest at the convention would be that it gives the candidate selected a stronger mandate, and tests them somewhat on a high-pressure stage before the final general election push. The downside would be that it continues party division in public long past the point when, at least in the modern era of presidential elections, it is usually long since concluded. At the moment it seems like Democrats – exhausted from the struggle of the last three weeks – are leaning toward this second view and inclined to make Harris’s path a smooth one.

The Trump campaign will likely greet the candidate switch with a mixture of bravado, complaints, and anxiety. All their planning thus far has been premised on the assumption that an aged Joe Biden and his record will be the target. Now they need to retool to fight quite a different fight, one that may expose vulnerabilities of their own – like Trump’s own advanced age and erratic state of mind – that Biden could not. Harris will also have more freedom to claim a share of credit for some headline successes of the Biden administration’s record (like economic growth and job creation), without being tied in voters’ minds, as Biden inevitably is, to everything they disliked about the last four years. Expect the Trump campaign to assail her as a dangerous radical, and the process by which she became a candidate as a coup and a fraud. But make no mistake: they are worried that an election they were increasingly starting to take for granted is very much back in play.

As a woman of mixed Black and South Asian heritage from liberal California, Harris is likely to want a vice-presidential running mate who ‘reassures’ a certain kind of voter by being white, male, and somewhat conservative-coded. Plausible candidates mentioned include state governors who have managed to succeed with relatively conservative electorates, such as Roy Cooper of North Carolina, Andy Beshear of Kentucky, Tim Walz of Minnesota, or Josh Shapiro of the key swing state of Pennsylvania.